Upper Management vs. Middle Management: Who Should Determine Bonuses for Performance Reviews?

Determining bonuses during performance reviews is critical to retention


Kayla Ambrose , Fri 28 June 2024
Mid-year evaluations are critical for maintaining motivation, addressing concerns, and setting goals for a successful performance during the year's second half. During these evaluations, Managers and employees can openly discuss past performance, current focuses, and future expectations to ensure continuous improvement and engagement. Through effective and meaningful performance reviews, managers can align team goals with organizational objectives to set their team up for success during the year's second half. 

Importance of Mid-Year Reviews

When preparing for mid-year reviews, recognizing the importance of evaluations and their critical functions can greatly increase effectiveness and efficiency. Establishing meetings with each team member to provide feedback allows for increased communication and problem-solving abilities. While performance metrics may be utilized to gather information on each individual's performance throughout the year, underlying factors may be impacting the success of some team members. Creating this opportunity to communicate with them can identify challenges and allow for discussion on possible solutions. 

Along with facilitating communication, mid-year reviews serve as a means for goal adjustments. While establishing goals at the beginning of the year can be effective, team members must reflect upon their goals throughout the year and make adjustments accordingly. Factors impacting a goal may have developed throughout the year resulting in the completion of goals or potential setbacks. These new factors are important to incorporate into mid-year reviews to establish attainable goals for the second half of the year.  

One of the most crucial benefits of conducting effective mid-year reviews is maintaining motivation and engagement for team members. During the year, team members can lose motivation and struggle to recognize the purpose of their work. By allowing for one-on-one conversations that focus on supporting each individual, managers can collaborate with team members to develop solutions to re-engage their team. 

Strategies for Effective Mid-Year Reviews: 

  1. Prepare Thoroughly 
Proper preparation for mid-year reviews is indicative of the effectiveness of mid-year reviews. Throughout the year, managers should keep track of the performance of their team members to incorporate within their reviews. Performance software can be utilized to gather data on individual team members to track progress and drive goal-setting. In addition to manager preparation, it is important to encourage team members to prepare for their performance reviews. Encouraging self-reflection on employee performance for the first half of the year will allow them to come prepared for the meeting and highlight success potentially overlooked by management. Reflection can also identify areas for improvement, helping team members to make adjustments to their personal goals. 
To ensure effectiveness for mid-year reviews, managers should encourage open dialogue during the meeting. Identifying open-ended questions that allow team members the opportunity to share their insights can drive meaningful discussions on team productivity. Creating an open and honest environment will encourage team members to provide authentic feedback and areas for improvement benefiting the team as a whole. Ultimately, the goal of establishing open communication is to demonstrate support for team members and continue to motivate their continued growth. 

3. Constructive Feedback 
A key element of conducting effective mid-year evaluations is to deliver constructive feedback to each individual. Collecting specific behaviors to improve upon and highlighting specific achievements are beneficial to creating individualized performance reviews. Emphasizing specific occurrences rather than generalizations is important because it allows the feedback to be more understandable and easier to implement solutions for within the remainder of the year. 

4. Goal Setting 
Establishing metrics and means for team members to develop goals creates motivations for team improvement. When conducting goal setting, establishing specific performance criteria develops a more structured means for team members to gauge their performance throughout the year. Collaborate with each team member to ensure that the goals created best reflect the objectives of the team and each individual. 

5. Action Steps and Follow-ups
Conducting mid-year reviews are incomplete if they lack further actionable steps and methods for goal applications. Identifying development opportunities for team members to have a curated improvement plan can serve as an effective means for learning and growth. Within development plans, incorporating a timeline for following up on the implementation of development plans will encourage accountability and maintain motivation. 

Employee Bonus Structure 
An important aspect of mid-year reviews is recognizing achievements and rewarding team members accordingly. While it may seem motivating to distribute bonuses to all team members on a semiannual or annual basis, direct reports with exceptional performance may lose motivation due to a lack of incentive. Developing a structure to motivate team members and recognize achievements is a primary purpose of effective bonus structures. 

In addition to considering who receives bonuses, an important consideration is who will determine bonuses. Upper management or middle management may be tasked with determining which team members receive bonuses based on their annual or semiannual performance. Both approaches have benefits and drawbacks to consider when implementing. 

Upper Managers Determining Bonuses
Pros: 
  • Fairness: Upper management interacts less with team members, which can prevent favoritism or potential bias. Additionally, upper management can ensure bonuses that are more standardized across all teams. 
  • Organizational Goal Alignment: Since upper management has a better understanding of organizational objectives, they can ensure that bonus allocations properly align with the direction of the organization. 
  • Resource Allocation: With increased knowledge of the financial resources available, upper management can reward bonuses that are consistent with the organization's budget. 

Cons:
  • Limited Direct Interaction: Upper management doesn’t interact directly with employees daily. This limited interaction can lead to less of a perspective on the actual performance of individuals. 
  • Employee Morale: Since employees aren’t directly interacting with upper management, they may feel disconnected from them. This lack of interaction may lead employees to feel unmotivated and unable to change bonus outcomes due to their actions. 

Middle Managers Determining Bonuses
Pros: 
  • Proximity to Employee: Middle management works directly with employees, thus allowing them to have a greater understanding of each individual's actual contributions. 
  • Timeliness: When relaying review feedback to employees, middle managers can inform them of bonus decisions associated directly with the feedback. This allows for a more comprehensive understanding of how performance is tied to bonus rewards. 
  • Increased Motivations: Employees may feel more motivated to perform well daily because they know their interactions with their manager are directly influencing their bonus potential. 

Cons: 
  • Potential for Bias: Middle managers can possess bias towards employees since they interact directly with them. This bias or potential favoritism can influence the perceived performance of employees and who is deserving of a bonus. 
  • Limited Perspective: Middle managers may have limited knowledge of organizational goals, leading their bonus allocation to be misaligned with company objectives 

Balancing Approaches 
A balance of both approaches can be utilized to mitigate the weaknesses of each approach while leveraging the strengths of both. This can be achieved through collaboration between middle managers and upper management to develop a comprehensive approach to bonus determination. Since middle managers have more direct interactions with team members, they can convey insights to upper management on team member performance beyond the statistics. Using a balanced approach, upper management can monitor for potential middle manager bias, ensuring a fair bonus recipient structure. 

Mid-year performance reviews are a powerful tool for ensuring motivation, goal progression, and continued development. Through proper preparation, honest communication, relaying feedback, setting goals, and establishing actionable plans, managers can maximize the effectiveness of individual reviews. Along with ensuring review effectiveness, providing incentives for high-performing team members encourages motivation throughout the year. Considering approaches for establishing objective and accurate allocation of bonuses is critical. 

As the year approaches the halfway mark, managers must consider strategies to ensure their teams are on track to meet their yearly goals. Mid-year reviews are a crucial tool to motivate employees to continue to excel towards their goals or to redirect employees struggling to perform, ultimately serving as a support system for all team members to reach organizational goals.